Sperm capacitation and primary sex ratio

doi:10.1054/mehy.2000.1251

Medical Hypotheses

Volume 56, Issue 6, June 2001, Pages 737-738

https://doi.org/10.1054/mehy.2000.1251 Get rights and content

Abstract

The observations of many years enabled determination of maternal factors which influence the sex of progeny. Factors on side of the father have long been neglected, even though the sex of progeny depends on the sex chromosome in fertilizing spermatozoon. The data obtained by penetration method ‘hamster oocyte – human sperm’ show differences in the proportion of sperm cells, depending on the method of capacitation used. On this basis the hypothesis has been formulated that the factor which precludes the proportion of sex at fertilization may be different time of capacitation of sperm cells. The cause of the phenomenon remains unclear.

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Cited by (5)

Evidence of genetic and maternal effects on secondary sex ratio in cattle
2011, Theriogenology
Citation Excerpt :
There is a paucity of evidence of differences among X- and Y-bearing sperm on post-ejaculation and pre-fertilization survival rates. However, Barczyk [23] reported that capacitation of sperm in environments differing in temperature, chemical composition, and duration of incubation affected SSR, indicating a possible genetic x environment interaction. Peri-conception environmental temperature has been reported to be associated with SSR [13,24].
There is a paucity of estimates of genetic variation for secondary sex ratio (i.e., sex ratio at birth) in dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to estimate the direct and maternal genetic variance as well as maternal permanent environmental variance for offspring sex in dairy herds. The data consisted of 77,508 births from 61,963 dams and 2,859 sires in 1,369 Irish dairy herds across the years 2003 to 2008, inclusive. Mixed models were used to estimate all parameters. Significant genetic variation in sex ratio existed, with a heritability for secondary sex ratio estimated at 0.02; the genetic standard deviation was 0.07 percentage units. No maternal genetic effects on secondary sex ratio were identified but the proportion of phenotypic variance in secondary sex ratio attributable to maternal permanent environmental effects was similar to that attributable to the additive genetic variance (i.e., 0.02). These results, therefore, suggest that the paternal (genetic) influence on secondary sex ratio is just as large as the maternal (non-genetic) influence, both of which are biologically substantial. The results from this study will be useful in generating a sample population of divergent animals for inclusion in a controlled experiment to elucidate the physiological mechanism underpinning differences in secondary sex ratio.
The sex ratio of singleton offspring in assisted-conception pregnancies
2009, Fertility and Sterility
Citation Excerpt :
Albumin gradients used to separate sperm by some laboratories have been reported to increase the proportion of X-bearing sperm (26). The type of media used to facilitate sperm capacitation has also been reported to influence the percent of X and Y sperm (27). Swim-up time, by contrast, may not result in a shift in sex ratio (28).
To evaluate the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and male factor infertility on the sex ratio in births from assisted reproductive technology.
Historic cohort study.
Clinic-based data.
The study population included 15,164 singleton live births in the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology national database for 2005 from cycles using ejaculated sperm, categorized by the use of insemination or ICSI and the absence or presence of male factor infertility, and cleavage- versus blastocyst-stage embryo transfers (ETs).
None.
The probability of a male infant with and without the use of ICSI and in the presence or absence of male factor infertility.
The sex ratio for all U.S. live births in 2005 was 52.5%, versus 48.9% for cleavage-stage and 51.6% for blastocyst-stage embryos. With blastocyst-stage embryos, the sex ratios were 49.6% and 54.9% with and without ICSI and 52.6% and 50.0% with and without male factor infertility, respectively. With cleavage-stage embryos, the sex ratio was not significantly affected by ICSI or male factor infertility, singly or in combination.
The use of ICSI, particularly with blastocyst-stage embryos, is associated with a decrease in the sex ratio of male infants.
Paternal influences over offspring sex ratio in mammals – tested hypotheses and potential mechanisms
2024, Mammal Review
Influence of the Semen Deposition Site on the Calves' Sex Ratio in Simmental Dairy Cattle
2011, Reproduction in Domestic Animals
The role and possible mechanism of nutritional factors on sex ratio of the fetus: A review
2016, Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

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SHORT NOTESperm capacitation and primary sex ratio

Abstract

Fertil Steril

Fertil Steril

Am J Obstet Gynecol

Sex ratio, coital rate, hormones and time fertilization within the cycle

Ann Hum Biol

The status of hypothesis that the human sex ratio at birth is associated with cycle day of conception

Hum Reprod

Analysis of structural and numerical chromosome abnormalities in sperm of normal men and carriers of constitutional chromosome aberrations. A review

Hum Genet

A detailed method for obtaining preparations of human sperm chromosomes

Cytogenet Cell Genet

Human sperm chromosomes obtained from hamster eggs after sperm capacitation in TEST-Yolk buffer

Gam Res

Chromosome aberrations in 450 sperm complements from eight controls and lack of increase after chemotherapy in two patients

Hum Genet

Chromosome aberrations in normal and translocated human sperm: role in reproduction pathology

Ref Gynecol Obstet

SHORT NOTE
Sperm capacitation and primary sex ratio